Gylden munn, urene ord

Johannes Khrysostomos’ Adversus Judaeos I

Författare

  • Martin Sand Universitetet i Bergen

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52610/rhs.v15i57.156

Nyckelord:

Chrysostom, Jews, Judaisers, invective, rhetoric

Abstract

Oldkirkens historie er ikke i liten grad også en historie om selvdefinering i forhold til konkurrerende religiøse grupperinger. Dette ga tidlig opphav til en skarp polemisk tradisjon blant kirkens ledende menn både i forhold til indre fiender på den ene side, som ble definert som kjettere, og andre religioner, ikke minst jødedommen, på den andre. Som eksempel på trusselen som jødedommen ble oppfattet å representere, viser den betydelige kirkefaren Johannes Khrysostomos i sin aller skarpeste form med sine smedeprekener Adversus Judaeos. Denne artikkelen er en analyse av spotten i dissen prekenene.

Författarbiografi

Martin Sand, Universitetet i Bergen

Martin Sand er stipendiat ved Institutt for lingvistiske, litterære og estetiske studier, Universitetet i Bergen

Referenser

Arena, Valentina. ”Roman Oratorical Invective.” i A Companion to Roman Rhetoric, red. William J. Dominik og Jon Hall, 149-60. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470996485.ch12

Barnes, Timothy D. ”Christians and the Theater.” i Roman Theater and Society: E. Togo Salmon Papers i, red. William J. Slater, 161-80. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1996.

Brändle, Rudolf. ”Christen und Juden in Antiochien in den Jahren 386/87.” i Weltoffenheit des christlichen Glaubens: Fritz Buri zu Ehren, red. Imelda Abbt og Alfred Jäger, 197-215. Bern: P. Haupt, 1987.

Brändle, Rudolf and Pradels, Wendy (2008), ‘”Boshaft wie goldene Rede”: Aspekte der Traditions- und Rezeptionsgeschichte der Reden gegen die Juden von Johannes Chrysostomos’, i Martin Wallraff and Rudolf Brändle (eds.), Chrysostomosbilder in 1600 Jahren: Facetten der DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110207309.3.235

Wirkungsgeschichte eines Kirchenvaters (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter), 235-54.

Brändle, Rudolf, og Verena (transl.) Jegher-Bucher. Johannes Chrysostomus: Adversus judaeos, acht Reden gegen die Juden. Stuttgart: Anton Hiersemann, 1995.

Cameron, Averil. ”How to Read Heresiology.” Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies 33, nr. 3 (2003): 471-92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/10829636-33-3-471

Cameron, Averil. ”Jews and Heretics—a Category Error?” i The Ways That Never Parted:Jews and Christians in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages, red. Adam H. Becker og Annette Yoshiko Reed, 345-60. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2007.

Gilhus, Ingvild Sælid. ”Biskop Epifanios fra Salamis Og «medisinskrinet mot kjettere».” i Kjetterne og kirken: fra antikken til i dag, red. Tomas Hägg, 33-44. Oslo: Scandinavian Academic Press, 2008.

Harvey, Susan Ashbrook. ”Antioch and Christianity.” i Antioch: The Lost Ancient City, red. Christine Kondoleon, 39-49. Princeton, N.J. : Worcester, MA: Princeton University Press ; Worcester Art Museum, 2000.

Heer, Friedrich. Gottes erste Liebe: Die Juden im Spannungsfeld der Geschichte. München: Herbig, 1981.

Johnson, Luke T. ”The New Testament Anti-Jewish Slander and the Conventions of Ancient Polemic.” Journal of Biblical Literature 108, nr. 3 (1989): 419-41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3267112

Jonkers, Engbert Jan. Acta et symbola conciliorum quae saeculo quarto habita sunt. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1954. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004620926

Kelly, John N. D. Golden Mouth: The Story of John Chrysostom; Ascetic, Preacher, Bishop. London: Duckworth, 1995.

Kennedy, George A. Greek Rhetoric under Christian Emperors. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1983.

Kennedy, George A. Progymnasmata: Greek Textbooks of Prose Composition and Rhetoric, Writings from the Greco-Roman World. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2003.

Kinzig, Wolfram. ” ‘Non-Separation’: Closeness and Co-Operation between Jews and Christians in the Fourth Century.” Vigiliae Christianae 45, nr. 1 (1991): 27-53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/157007291X00233

Koster, Severin. Die Invektive in der griechischen und römischen Literatur. Meisenheim am Glan: Anton Hain, 1980.

Kraeling, Carl H. ”The Jewish Community at Antioch.” Journal of Biblical Literature 51, nr. 2 (1932): 130-60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3259099

Liebeschuetz, J. H. Wolfgang G. Antioch: City and Imperial Administration in the Later Roman Empire. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2593988

Neumann, Uwe. ”Invektive.” i Historisches Wörterbuch der Rhetorik, red. Gert Ueding, 549-61. Tübingen: Niemeyer, 1998.

Opelt, Ilona. Die Polemik in der christlichen lateinischen Literatur von Tertullian bis Augustin. Heidelberg: Winter, 1980.

Parkes, James. Prelude to Dialogue: Jewish-Christian Relationships. New York: Schocken Books, 1969.

Pernot, Laurent. La rhétorique de l’éloge dans le monde gréco-romain, Collection des études augustiniennes, Série antiquité. Paris: l’Institut des études augustiniennes, 1993.

Ruether, Rosemary Radford. Faith and Fratricide: The Theological Roots of Anti-Semitism. New York: Seabury Press, 1974.

Schreckenberg, Heinz. Die christlichen Adversus-Judaeos-Texte und ihr literarisches und historisches Umfeld (1.-11. Jh.) [4. überarbeitete und ergänzte Auflage]. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 1999.

Siegert, Folker. ”Homily and Panegyrical Sermon.” i Handbook of Classical Rhetoric in the Hellenistic Period, 330 Bc-Ad 400, red. Stanley. E. Porter, 421-45. Leiden: Brill, 1997. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004676527_016

Simon, Marcel. Verus Israel: A Study of the Relations between Christians and Jews in the Roman Empire (135-425), Originally Published in 1948 with an Extensive Post-Scriptum Added in 1964. Translated from the French by H. Mckeating. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986.

Stroumsa, Guy G. ”From Anti-Judaism to Antisemitism in Early Christianity.” i Contra Iudaeos: Ancient and Medieval Polemics between Christians and Jews, red. Guy G. Stroumsa og Ora Limor, 1-26. Tübingen: Mohr, 1996.

Thomassen, Einar. ”Kjetteribegrepets opprinnelse og de første kjetteriene.” i Kjetterne og kirken: fra antikken til i dag, red. Tomas Hägg, 12-32. Oslo: Scandinavian Academic Press, 2008.

Wilken, Robert L. ”The Jews and Christian Apologetics after Theodosius I Cunctos Populos.” The Harvard Theological Review 73, nr. 3/4 (1980): 451-71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0017816000002273

Wilken, Robert L. John Chrysostom and the Jews: Rhetoric and Reality in the Late 4th Century. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983.

Williams, Arthur Lukyn. Adversus Judaeos: A Bird’s-Eye View of Christian Apologiae until the Renaissance. London: Cambridge University Press, 1935.

Williamson, Clark M. ”The ”Adversus Judaeos” Tradition in Christian Theology.” Encounter 39, nr. 3 (1978): 273-96.

##submission.downloads##

Publicerad

2025-12-16

Referera så här

Sand, M. (2025). Gylden munn, urene ord: Johannes Khrysostomos’ Adversus Judaeos I. Rhetorica Scandinavica, 15(57), 23–43. https://doi.org/10.52610/rhs.v15i57.156